cynodon dactylon australia

Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Licence. To prevent automated spam submissions leave this field empty. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Inflorescence digitate, spikes 2-7, spikelets green to purple. Cynodon dactylon var. motie molulu. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. long. In Western Australia it is thought to be native to the Kimberley region (in the north of the state) and introduced to the southern parts of the state. pulchellus, Spikes more than 3 cm The majority of current opinion is that at least some forms of green couch (Cynodon dactylon var. Key references Woo]ls (1867) in a paper on the botany of the Parramatta district wrote that Cynodon long with spikelets 2.5–3 mm long                    C. dactylon var. of the South West (409), [2006] J.Jessop, G.R.M.Dashorst, F.M.James, Grasses Stem. South-Western Plains, North Far Western Plains, South Far Western Plains. 1 Gramineae (215, Pl. This plant and the related entity italicized and indented above can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Family. Slopes, Central-Western Slopes, South-Western Slopes, North-Western Plains, Pl. surface scaberulous, glabrous or indumented. Plant stoloniferous, rooting at the nodes. which also goes by the name of ‘Riley’s Evergreen’ was granted dactylon ) has been listed as a significant environmental weed at one time or another in New South Wales, Victoria, the Northern Territory, Western Australia and Queensland. dactylon), [2006] The Atlas of Living Australia acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to the past and present Elders of the nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Rhizomes present, elongated. Perennial spreading by tough, wiry stolons and rhizomes, culms erect, mostly to 30 cm high (although plants occasionally ascending through other vegetation to 1 m high or more). Spikelets sessile. 1-keeled, 1 -nerved. S.W.L.Jacobs, Australian Grasses  (97), [2005] K.Mallet (ed. Capriola dactylon (L.) KuntzeDactylon officinale Vill.Digitaria dactylon Scop.Milium dactylon MoenchPanicum dactylon L.Paspalum umbellatum Lam. Numerous cultivars We disclose that our herein invention of a new and distinct grass plant variety of Cynodon dactylon grass plant that was discovered by us growing under cultivation on a small area on a bowling green surface at Nyngan, a small Town in the State of New South Wales, Australia. Cynodon dactylon. pulchellus var. Bermudagrass. Couch smut, caused by Ustilago cynodontis, is an economically important disease of Cynodon dactylon, the most widely planted warm season turfgrass in Australia. Cynodon dactylon . 1991). Spikelets. Accessed: 2015 Apr. Distinguishing features. Bermuda grass originally came from the savannas of Africa and is the common name for all the East African species of Cynodon. pastures. Photograph by Harry Rose. Distribution: Europe, Africa, Temperate Asia, Tropical Asia, Australasia, dactylon L., Sp. Perennial. WildNet taxon ID 15486 Alternate name(s) Bermuda grass couch grass green couch couch Conservation significant No Confidential No Endemicity Introduced Pest status Environmental Weed Other resources The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) Atlas of Living Australia Regional: Australia. To date, Cynodon taxonomy … Drummond, Warren.Northern Territory: Darwin & Gulf, The genus comprises diploid and polyploid species and subspecies that belong to the Chloridoideae subfamily of the Poaceae family (Peterson et al., 2010, Wu, 2011). Common name. (books and floras): [1810]. Description: Perennial, with creeping stems and distichous usually short flat sometimes stiff leaves bearded at the orifice. pulchellus Benth. Cynodon dactylon, which is cosmopolitan and native in warm regions of the world, is extensively cultivated in Australia as a lawn grass and grows naturally in northern Australia along rivers and near swamps and springs (Lazarides et al., 1992). The mobile application of Environmental Weeds of Australia is available from the Google Play Store and Apple iTunes. The Atlas of Living Australia acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to the past and present Elders of the nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. D.J.B.Wheeler, Grasses of New South Wales (192). Cynodon dactylon was collected in Australia by Robert Brown during the period 1802-1805 (Brown 1810)..The possibility of the grass being an i~troducedone was mentioned by Brown (lS14). Cynodon dactylon, or Bermuda grass, is a warm-season, non-flowering, perennial turf grass, although it can also be considered a perennial weed when found growing in locations where you do not want it. Cynodon dactylon. Common name(s) Couch Grass, Green Couch. Image credit to Australian National Botanic Gardens. Couch smut, caused by Ustilago cynodontis, is an economically important disease of Cynodon dactylon, the most widely planted warm season turfgrass in Australia. dactylon dactylon) is widely distributed throughout large parts of Australia (including all states and territories), and is particularly common in coastal and sub-coastal regions. C. hirsutus also has grey-green, hirsute leaves, but may be distinguished from C. dactylon 64), [1983] J.C.Tothill & J.B.Hacker, Grasses dactylon, Spikes less than 3 cm Documented as allelopathic, capable of reducing the germination and growth of other species. It is regarded as being native in Queensland and New South Wales and introduced in Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the Northern Territory. pulchellus appears to be endemic, differing from the cosmopolitan C. var. Published on the internet. Pl. The control methods referred to in this fact sheet should be used in accordance with the restrictions (federal and state legislation, and local government laws) directly or indirectly related to each control method. Cynodon dactylon is wind-pollinated, and generally self-incompatible, suffering from inbreeding depression when genotypes are self-pollinated. sub-margins, and longer rachilla extension. dactylon is generally recognised as native to Australia. Green couch (Cynodon dactylon var. (couch grass, Bermuda grass) and C. radiatus Roth ex Roem. Culms geniculately & Subtropical Old World to Australia. The leaf blade is flattened with a … Kingdom: Plantae. Pacific, North America, South America, and Antarctica. Quantitative traits such as seed yield and forage yield can be dramatically negatively affected. Leaf-blades flat or conduplicate, 1–12 cm long, 0.5–4 mm wide. Grasses of Australia, [2002] J.Wheeler, N.Marchant & M.Lewington, Flora & Subtropical Old World to Australia. long with spikelets to 2.5 mm long                  C. dactylon var. G.Bentham, Flora Australiensis 7 (609), [1952] C.A.Gardner, Flora of Habit. Gramineae (South Australia)Poaceae (Queensland, New South Wales, the ACT, Victoria, Tasmania, Western Australia and the Northern Territory), African couch, Bahama grass, Bahamas grass, balama grass, baramagrass, Bermuda grass, Bermuda-grass, Bermudagrass, common Bermuda grass, coarse kweek, common couch, common quickgrass, common stargrass, couch, couch grass, couch-grass, couchgrass, devilgrass, devil's grass, dhubgrass, dog's tooth, doob, doob grass, dub grass, finegrass, finger grass, fingers, Florida grass, giant Bermuda grass, giant Bermudagrass, green couch, Indian couch, Indian doab, kweek grass, quickgrass, running grass, Scotch grass, star grass, twitch grass. Wilsons Promontory, Riverina, Snowfields, Volcanic Plain, Wannon, Wimmera. 280 as var. pulchellus | provided name: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. It has fine texture dark green lanced-shaped leaves that turn brown when dormant. Pl. Bermuda Grass. 1,894 results for VARIETY: Cynodon dactylon var. There is great debate as to whether populations present in various parts of Australia are native or not. Notes: Cynodon dactylon var. 28. Replacement Name:  Panicum The variety is licenced by Cervadon Ltd . Basin, Flinders Ranges, Eastern, Eyre Peninsula, Northern Lofty, Murray, Yorke ), Flora of Australian Stolons present. Queensland: Grass, usually prostrate to 30 cm tall. close-up of stem and smaller leaves (Photo: Sheldon Navie), seed-head on slender stem (Photo: Sheldon Navie), close-up of seeds (Photo: Steve Hurst at USDA PLANTS Database), African star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis), a very similar grass with more robust flowering stems up to 60 cm tall (Photo: Sheldon Navie), Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Summary of Invasiveness Top of page. 281 as var. Tasmania: Furneaux Group, North 1: 58 (1753). C. dactylon is a stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Summary of Invasiveness Top of page. Common Name Greencouch Other Names Swamp Couch, Common Couch dactylon | provided name: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Adapted to survive extended dry periods and flooding due to a deep root system. Plant stoloniferous, rooting at the nodes. (GPWG 2001) : Subfamily South. Green couch (Cynodon dactylon var. grey-green, hirsute leaves, but may be distinguished from C. dactylon Ligule a fringed membrane or a fringe Hence, some authors believe that both native and exotic forms of this species are present amongst populations in Australia. Protologue Information: In europa australi,. Pl. Conquest™ [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] Family: Poaceae Barnhart Genus: Cynodon Rich. Common Names: Bahama Grass, Devil's Grass, Couch Grass, Wire Grass, Indian Doab Genus: Cynodon Species: dactylon Parts Used: the stems and the leaves. Fortescue, Carnarvon, Austin. In certain situations, green couch (Cynodon dactylon var. Perennial spreading by tough, wiry stolons and rhizomes, culms erect, mostly to 30 cm high (although plants occasionally ascending through other vegetation to 1 m high or more). ascending, 8–40 cm tall, 0.5–1 mm diam. Some state herbaria regard populations in natural areas as being native, whereas others regard such populations as being introduced. Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical). Although it is not native to Bermuda, it is an abundant invasive species there. The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Distribution: Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, D.J.B.Wheeler, Grasses of New South Wales, 4th edn (192). Glumes shorter than the single floret. manienie. Mitchell, Moreton, North Kennedy, Port Curtis, South Kennedy, Warrego, Wide Bay, Cynodon Rich. R.Brown, Prodromus (187), [1878] Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Glumes. Inflorescence digitate, spikes 2-7, spikelets green to purple. the late Rod J. Riley in 1991 growing in a Cynodon dactylon ‘Wintergreen’ bowling green at Homebush Bowling Club, Homebush, New South Wales, Aus. Palea 2 -nerved. Bermuda grass is a mat-forming, medium- to fine-textured … species (Bermudagrasses) evolved in Africa and are comprised of cosmopolitan grasses with distributions ranging from Northern Africa, Europe, and the USA to Australia. of South Australia (348), [2008] S.W.L.Jacobs, R.D.B.Walley & Norfolk I, Lord Howe, Christmas Is, Cocos Rumputnya berwarna hijau-kelabu, tumbuh pendek hingga 2–15 cm dengan tepi yang kasar. Glumes The disease is distributed across all states and mainland territories of Australia, and is found worldwide wherever the host plant is present. var. Numerous cultivars Two varieties are recognised in Victoria primarily based on the number of radiating spikes. Flower colour; life form. Central Australia (466), [2002] D.Sharp & B.K.Simon, AusGrass, The Atlas of Living Australia acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to the past and present Elders of the nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. rev. dactylon is generally recognised as native to Australia. pulchellus, is introduced but rare, and identified only in the north west of Victoria. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders and as animal food and a medicine. AVH is a collaborative project of the state, Commonwealth and territory herbaria, developed under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH), representing the major Australian collections. All rights reserved. Classification. devilgrass. Cynodon dactylon* (L.) Pers. It grows in open areas where there are frequent disturbances such as grazing, flooding, and fire. Altitudinal range from near sea level to 1150 m. Grows in openings and along tracks in rainforest, vineforest, vine thicket, various types of woodland, shrubland and grassland. It is also ranked among the top 100 of the most invasive plants in south-eastern Queensland, though this listing refers only to exotic cultivars. Cynodon dactylon var. Common name: Couch-grass, Bermuda grass. similar, thinner than fertile lemma. Green couch (Cynodon dactylon var. Identic Pty Ltd. Special edition of Environmental Weeds of Australia for Biosecurity Queensland. Plant species. Cynodon dactylon, known as Bermuda grass, Dhoob, dūrvā grass, ethana grass, dubo, dog's tooth grass, Bahama grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, arugampul, grama, wiregrass and scutch grass, is a grass that is native to most of the eastern hemisphere. Continental Fact sheets are available from Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation (DEEDI) service centres and our Customer Service Centre (telephone 13 25 23). Also present on Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, Christmas Island, the Cocos Islands and the Coral Sea Islands (where it is regarded as being native or a very early introduction). Cynodon dactylon is a long-lived ( perennial ) grass, forming thick mats by means of stolons and rhizomes (horizontal, root-like stem usually found underground) (Gibbs Russell et al. Distinguishing features. J.Jessop, G.R.M.Dashorst, F.M.James, Grasses of South Australia  (349, Fig. Persoon, C.H. The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) is an online resource that provides immediate access to the wealth of plant specimen information held by Australian herbaria. It is regarded as being native in Queensland and New South Wales and introduced in Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the Northern Territory. A valuable pasture grass, a lawn grass, or an anti-erosion cover on bunds and embankments. However, it is possible that even this variety is a separate form of this species that has also been introduced from Africa. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders and as animal food and a medicine. [1952] C.A.Gardner, Flora of Western Australia Common name(s) Bermuda grass, carpet grass, couch grass . Fig. colouration, larger lemma with keel cilia three times as long and hairy In Bermuda it has been known as crab grass (also a name for Digitaria sanguinalis). dactylon (L.) Pers. Leaf-blade unranked: Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis. of hairs, a ciliolate membrane or a ciliate membrane, 0.2–0.3 mm long. Extensively Western Australia 1 Gramineae (216), [1980] M.Lazarides, Tropical Synonymy: Panicum dactylon L., Sp. One variety, Cynodon dactylon var. Known host of pathogens and pests. ... Map is from The Atlas of Living Australia web site, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia License. Kingdom: Plantae. pulchellus, is introduced but rare, and identified only in the north west of Victoria. i Abstract In this study, up to 21 morphological traits including those describing growth habit, stolons, shoots and inflorescences were measured on all of the available recreational Cynodon spp. dactylon Catalogue number:CANB 837035.1 State: South Australia Locality: Yorke Peninsula (DC) dactylon in the hirsute rather than glabrous or sparsely hairy leaves, greyish colouration, larger lemma with keel cilia three times as long and hairy sub-margins, and longer rachilla extension. However, the most recent research suggests that even the "native" forms present in northern Australia probably came from a very early (i.e. Peninsula, Southern Lofty, Kangaroo Island, South-eastern. A common plant in all Australian States, occurs in WA, NT, CYP, NEQ and CEQ and widespread throughout Australia. var. grama-seda. dactylon, var. (back to Allergen page) Common name: Green Couch Grass, Bermuda Grass, Doob This is a perennial medium to low density grass that can tolerate filtered sun and is mat forming. to ensure you have the latest version of this fact sheet. The most characteristic disease symptoms are expressed at the flowering stage, … Syn. Fertile lemma 1.8–3 mm long, keeled, wingless, 3 -nerved. unranked: Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis. Glumes shorter than the single floret. The flower has 2 - 6 slender spikes, 2-5cm long and 1-1.5mm wide with a green to purplish colouring. N.T.Burbidge. Flower colour; life form. Cynodonteae. (Kaapro, 1999b). Inflorescence digitate, with spicate branches. Australia 44B: Poaceae 3 (Fig 53A-D as var. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Stoloniferous mat-forming perennial with slender scaly rhizomes, sward forming. with wings and shorter cilia, and the lack of a rachilla prolongation. However, it most probably originated in sub-Saharan Africa and/or on islands in the western parts of the Indian Ocean. Ligule membraneous, but with longer hairs at each end. C. dactylon is a stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Notes. 58 (1753). Two varieties are recognised in Victoria primarily based on the number of radiating spikes. pulchellus), [2008] S.W.L.Jacobs, R.D.B.Whalley & dactylon) spreads quickly via creeping stems (i.e. keeled, 1-keeled, 1 -nerved. AVH is a collaborative project of the state, Commonwealth and territory herbaria, developed under the auspices of the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (CHAH), representing the major Australian collections. Ligule membraneous, but with longer hairs at each end. Infra-specific taxa: var. in some areas; becomes dominant after heavy grazing of native pasture on soils The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) is an online resource that provides immediate access to the wealth of plant specimen information held by Australian herbaria. Latin name. Copyright © 2016. While every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of this information, DEEDI does not invite reliance upon it, nor accept responsibility for any loss or damage caused by actions based on it. The variety was introducted into Australian and protected by Australian Plant Breeder's Rights in 2009 and is currently being grown in states and territories along the eastern coastline of Australia. ; This species is accepted, and its native range is Temp. Couch smut, caused by Ustilago cynodontis, is an economically important disease of Cynodon dactylon, the most widely planted warm season turfgrass in Australia. dactylon) are native to the northern parts of Australia, while it has become naturalised in the southern regions of the country. Leaves Note: Another variety of this species, known as Cynondon dactylon var. (1805) Synopsis Plantarum seu Encheridium Botanicum 1: 85. West, Midlands, East Coast. Description: Perennial, with creeping stems and distichous usually short flat sometimes stiff leaves bearded at the orifice. To add to the confusion it is thought that exotic cultivars of this species, which have been introduced more recently, have also become naturalised. South Australia: North-western, Lake Eyre, Gairdner-Torrens ; This species is accepted, and its native range is Temp. East Gippsland, Eastern Highlands, Gippsland Highlands, Gippsland Plain, endemic. C. hirsutus also has Keeling Is, Ashmore Reef, Coral Sea Is. floret(s), without rachilla extension, ovate, laterally compressed, 1.8–3 mm Common name: Couch-grass, Bermuda grass. Poaceae . chiendent pied-de-poule. of Southern Queensland (174), [1984] The culms take root at the lower nodes. Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, For example, it is reported to invade wetlands and river edges in the southern parts of Western Australia. var. pulchellus by its frequently three-nerved upper glume, lemma keels One variety, Cynodon dactylon var. Cynodon dactylon var. pulchellus, is thought to be native to Victoria and south-eastern South Australia. Cynodon dactylon. pulchellus. Inflorescence. Victoria: Following 10 years of experimenting under test and development, Wintergreen was released in 1983. appears to be endemic, differing from the cosmopolitan C. var. Burke, Burnett, Cook, Darling Downs, Gregory North, Leichhardt, Maranoa, Grass, usually prostrate to 30 cm tall. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Bermuda Grass) Jump to navigation Jump to search. Florets. variety: Cynodon dactylon var. Cynodon dactyloC. Central Australia North, Central Australia Medically Bermudagrass is reported to be alterative, anabolic, antiseptic, aperient, astringent, cyanogenetic, demulcent, depurative, diuretic, emollient, sudorific, and vulnerary. A forage resource for milk cattle in areas where the soil is not suitable for growing crops such as maize or soyabean. Family: Poaceae Barnhart Genus: Cynodon Rich. Notes: Cynodon dactylon var. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. in the hirsute rather than glabrous or sparsely hairy leaves, greyish (Simon, 1993). This very common lawn and pasture grass is sometimes considered native and at other times it is considered to be an important environmental weed (even by different authorities and experts within the same state). Also present on Lord … Illustrations: The Atlas of Living Australia acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to the past and present Elders of the nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Gregory South. Generally tolerant of low soil pH and high salt concentration, however is susceptible to … If closely mow dactylon. In Western Australia it is thought to be native to the Kimberley region (in the north of the state) and introduced to the southern parts of the state. Northern Tablelands, Central Tablelands, Southern Tablelands, North-Western Synonymy: Panicum dactylon L., Sp. Cynodon dactylon, This is a warm season perennial grass spreads both by stolons and rhizomes and forms a prostrate habit. Fertile spikelets 1-flowered, comprising 1 fertile Grampians, Lowan Mallee, Midlands, Murray Mallee, Otway Plain, Otway Range, 1: 85 (1805). dactylon & 350, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Common name(s) Couch Grass, Green Couch. cultivated as a lawn grass, especially in the tropics, and as a pasture grass General Information Cynodon dactylon is a short-lived, prostrate, perennial grass that creeps along the ground and roots wherever a node touches the ground, quickly forming a dense mat. ... Cynodon dactylon in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. possibly pre-European) introduction. Cynodon dactyloC. Type of Basionym or This species is very widely distributed throughout the world (including in large parts of Australia), and its exact origin is unknown. 58 (1753). stolons and rhizomes) and can form dense populations in natural habitats. Couch grass; Bermuda grass. Culms slender, 10-40 cm tall. Cynodon dactylon var. of moderate fertility; a very persistent weed of roadsides, gardens and Batangnya dapat tumbuh sampai 1–30 cm. Wintergreen was selected for its vigorous growth, dark green olive colour and colour retention compared to other Cynodon dactylon (green couch) varieties in Australia at the time. There are seven varieties, two occur in Australia, of which the rarer is Flowerheads are digitate, consisting of 3-7 thin, usually dark-coloured branches (2-6 cm long). Upper glume lanceolate, herbaceous, keeled, Queensland, New South Basionym and/or The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. These restrictions may prevent the use of one or more of the methods referred to, depending on individual circumstances. Cynodon dactylon. Chloridoideae. Lower glume lanceolate, herbaceous, and Schult. dactylon) is widely distributed throughout large parts of Australia (including all states and territories), and is particularly common in coastal and sub-coastal regions. Check our website at www.biosecurity.qld.gov.au New South Wales: North Coast, Central Coast, South Coast, Western Australia: Gardner, Dampier. Norfolk Islands, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. Grasses S.E.Asia (57), [1981] M.Lazarides in J.Jessop (ed)., Flora of Cynodon dactylon, disebut juga rumput bermuda, rumput Bahama, doab, dubo, dhoob, adalah rumput yang tumbuh di belahan bumi Timur. Or a fringe of hairs, a lawn grass, or an cover. Grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the subject spreads via!, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC by Licence diam... And embankments, depending on individual circumstances the use of one or more of the subject example, most! In Bermuda it has become naturalised in the Western parts of Australia, of which rarer... The most characteristic disease symptoms are expressed at the flowering stage, … Regional Australia... Of Living Australia web site, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC by Licence 2-7... Used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders and as animal cynodon dactylon australia and a medicine Australia., a lawn grass, Bermuda grass originally came from the savannas of Africa and is the name... Africa and/or on Islands in the Western parts of the world is endemic Tasmania: Group. Capriola dactylon ( L. ) Pers. as seed yield and forage yield can be dramatically negatively affected WA NT... As crab grass ( also a name for all the East African species of.... Development, Wintergreen was released in 1983 as grazing, flooding, and the lack of a prolongation... Crops such as grazing, flooding, and its exact origin is unknown warm season perennial grass spreads both stolons..., some authors believe that both native and exotic forms of green (... Web site, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC by Licence is very widely distributed throughout world. 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